IEEE 2014 / 13 - Embedded System
IEEE 2013: Indoor Localization on Mobile Phone Platforms Using Embedded Inertial Sensors
IEEE 2013 Transactions on Navigation and Communication
Abstract—Indoor localization techniques are commonly based on measuring the Wi-Fi received signal strength (RSS) and the method of "fingerprinting". The accuracy depends on density of recorded fingerprints in the radio map (RM) database. Building and updating RM is expensive and labour-intensive. Taking advantage of ubiquity of smart phones with embedded inertial sensors yields an economic and easy-to-deploy indoor localization system. In this work, the accelerometer and digital compass are used to recognize the user’s dynamic activities and walking directions. And the particle filter integrates the building map constraints and inertial measurements to estimate user’s location. On this basis, an indoor localization system with no dense wireless site survey requirements is proposed and evaluated.
IEEE 2013: Low Power Wireless Sensor Network for Building Monitoring
IEEE 2013 Transactions on Sensors Journal
Abstract—A wireless sensor network is proposed for monitoring buildings to assess earthquake damage. The sensor nodes use custom-developed capacitive micro electromechanical systems strain and 3-D acceleration sensors and a low power readout application-specified integrated circuit for a battery life of up to 12 years. The strain sensors are mounted at the base of the building to measure the settlement and plastic hinge activation of the building after an earthquake. They measure periodically or on-demand from the base station. The accelerometers are mounted at every floor of the building to measure the seismic response of the building during an earthquake. They record during an earthquake event using a combination of the local acceleration data and remote triggering from the base station based on the acceleration data from multiple sensors across the building. A low power network architecture was implemented over an 802.15.4 MAC in the 900-MHz band. A custom patch antenna was designed in this frequency band to obtain robust links in real-world conditions. The modules have been validated in a full-scale laboratory setup with simulated earthquakes.
IEEE 2013: Management of Mechanical Vibration and Temperature in Small Wind Turbines Using Zigbee Wireless Network
IEEE 2013 Transactions on Latin America
Abstract— This paper presents the development of a methodology to manage the mechanic vibration and temperature from Small Wind Turbine (SWT). The objective with this research is propose a new diagnostic and protection tool through analysis and monitoring signals of vibration and temperature from wind Turbines, aiming predict a need of preventive maintenance and mostly avoids catastrophic failures. For this feature the system will be composed of a Triple Axis accelerometer that will identify vibration, thermocouples to identify the temperatures at critical points of wind turbine, a micro controller hardware which will make acquisition and processing of signals from sensors and finally a wireless transmission system using technology ZigBee. The post processing is performed remotely through a computer that receives the data submitted via wireless network presenting them to the user via graphical interface. The software of User friendly interface will have the functionality plus online display of received data also the possibility of storing and reporting data rates of vibration and temperature obtained during monitoring. Finally featuring the prototype of the hardware and software as well as some results obtained in experimental scale.
IEEE 2013: Real-time swimmers' feedback based on smart infrared (SSIR) optical wireless sensor
IEEE 2013 Transactions on Systems Conference
Abstract—An IrDA link based on a serial infrared transceiver has been designed and implemented for real-time swimmers’ feedback. A wrist-mounted accelerometer provided stroke information to the transmitter. The signal was detected using a photodiode detector. Both the transmitter and receiver units measured 27 × 19 mm. Propagation experiments in air and under water were performed in a glass tank (91 × 39 × 45 cm) to validate the system. The maximum link length in air was 2 m and in still water 70 cm. In water with bubbles, the range reduced to 50 cm. This distance is sufficient for wrist–head communications during swimming. The information transmitted was the time duration of one complete stroke, which was updated every stroke and presented to the swimmer using an RGB LED mounted on the goggles. The hardware, software and implementation methods for the IrDA system are described.
IEEE 2013: Use of Ultrasonic Signal Coding and PIR Sensors to Enhance the Sensing Reliability of an Embedded Surveillance System
IEEE 2013 Transactions on Systems Conference
Abstract—In this paper we design and implement an embedded surveillance system by use of ultrasonic signal coding of ultrasonic sensors with multiple pyroelectric infrared sensors (PIR) to detect an intruder in a home or a storehouse. The PIR sensors are placed on the ceiling, and the ultrasonic sensor module consists of a transmitter and a receiver which are placed in a line direction; however, ultrasonic sensors with the same frequency are subject to interference by crosstalk with each other and have a high miss rate. To overcome these disadvantages of the ultrasonic sensor, our design reduces the miss rate from the environmental interference by using an ultrasonic coding signal. Both ultrasonic sensors and PIR sensors are managed by the majority voting mechanism (MVM).
IEEE 2013: Implementation of Automatic Gas Monitoring in a Domestic Energy Management System
IEEE 2013 Transactions on Consumers Electronics
Abstract — A domestic energy management system foundation is an intelligent platform that integrates various provides effective positive behaviour change by offering end persuasive strategies in order to reason and represent energy users direct and ambient feedback based on their monitored feedback information to reach effect positive behavior changes. Energy consumption and experiences. DEHEMS, as a wide The DEHEMS project applies User Driven Innovation scale domestic energy monitoring and managing system (UDI) [3] as the basis for system development. Users differs from others by enabling real-time and historical participate early-on in the project to improve and refine the electricity monitoring and feedback. However, there is also a system design so that it achieves higher coherence and user requirement to be able to monitor and report domestic gas satisfaction. The five cities of Manchester, Birmingham and consumption in order to reason and represent more complete Bristol in the UK and Plovdiv and Ivanovo in Bulgaria form energy feedback information to achieve effect positive the Living Labs for the DEHEMS test bed. Living Labs are a behavior changes. In this paper, we present the gas network of EU-wide user groups that enable experimentation monitoring system in DEHEMS, that implements automatic and co-creation with real users in real life environments. Retrieval of gas readings. We describe how the system is In addition to the implementation of electricity monitoring at designed, integrated within the DEHEMS architecture, as well as its implementation and deployment
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IEEE 2013:Online Monitoring of Geological CO2Storage and Leakage Based on Wireless Sensor Networks
IEEE 2013 Transactions on Sensor Journal
Abstract— A remote online carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration monitoring system is developed, based on the technologies of wireless sensor networks, in allusion to the gas leakage monitoring requirement for CO2 capture and storage. The remote online CO2monitoring system consists of monitoring equipment, a data canter server, and the clients. The monitoring equipment is composed of a central processing unit (CPU), air environment sensors array, global positioning system (GPS) receiver module, secure digital memory card (SD) storage module, liquid crystal display (LCD) module, and general packet radio service (GPRS) wireless transmission module. The sensors array of CO2, temper-ature, humidity, and light intensity are used to collect data and the GPS receiver module is adopted to collect location and time information. The CPU automatically stores the collected data in the SD card data storage module and displays them on the LCD display module in real-time. Afterwards, the GPRS module continuously wirelessly transmits the collected information to the data centre server. The online monitoring WebGIS clients are developed using a PHP programming language, which runs on the Apache web server. MySQL is utilized as the database because of its speed and reliability, and the stunning cross-browser web maps are created, optimized, and deployed with the Open Layers JavaScript web-mapping library. Finally, an experiment executed in Xuzhou city, Jiangsu province, China is introduced to demonstrate the implementation and application
IEEE 2013: Intelligent Household LED Lighting System Considering Energy Efficiency and User Satisfaction
IEEE 2013 Transactions on Consumers Electronics
Abstract — Saving energy has become one of the most important issues these days. The most waste of energy is caused by the inefficient use of the consumer electronics. Particularly, a light accounts for a great part of the total energy consumption. Various light control systems are introduced in current markets, because the installed lighting systems are outdated and energy-inefficient. However, due to architectural limitations, the existing light control systems cannot be successfully applied to home and office buildings. Therefore, this paper proposes an intelligent household LED lighting system considering energy efficiency and user satisfaction. The proposed system utilizes multi sensors and wireless communication technology in order to control an LED light according to the user’s state and the surroundings. The proposed LED lighting system can autonomously adjust the minimum light intensity value to enhance both energy efficiency and user satisfaction. We designed and implemented the proposed system in the test bed and measured total power consumption to verify the performance. The proposed LED lighting system reduces total power consumption of the test bed up to 21.9%
IEEE 2013: Hardware Demonstration of a Home Energy Management System for Demand Response Applications
IEEE 2013 Transactions on Smart Grid
Abstract—A Home Energy Management (HEM) system plays a concept is thoroughly discussed in [5], in which we describe al-crucial role in realizing residential Demand Response (DR) pro-gorithm to manage multiple power-intensive loads in a house to grams in the smart grid environment. It provides a homeowner the ability to automatically perform smart load controls based on meet certain peak reduction targets, taking into account home-utility signals, customer’s preference and load priority. This paper owner preset load priority and comfort level preference. In this presents the hardware demonstration of the proposed HEM system case, a homeowner has the freedom to choose what loads to for managing end-use appliances. The HEM’s communication time delay to perform load control is analyzed, along with its residual manage and for how long. This is different from pre-set load energy consumption
IEEE 2012: Traffic Management for Automated Highway Systems Using Model-Based Predictive Control
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
Abstract—We present an integrated traffic management and control approach for automated highway systems (AHS). The AHS consist of interacting roadside controllers and intelligent vehicles that are organized in platoons with short intraplatoon distances and larger distances between platoons. All vehicles are assumed to be fully automated, i.e., throttle, braking, and steering commands are determined by an automated onboard controller. The proposed control approach is based on a hierarchical traffic control architecture for AHS, and it also takes the connection and transition between the nonautomated part of the road network and the AHS into account. In particular, we combine dynamic speed limits and lane allocation for the platoons on the AHS highways with access control for the on-ramps using ramp metering, and we propose a model-based predictive control approach to determine optimal speed limits and lane allocations, as well as optimal release times for the platoons at the on-ramps. To illustrate the potential of the proposed traffic control method, we apply it to a simple simulation example.
IEEE 2012: A Robust Real-Time Embedded Vision System on an Unmanned Rotorcraft for Ground Target Following
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
Abstract—In this paper, we present the systematic design and implementation of a robust real-time embedded vision system for an unmanned rotorcraft for ground target following. The hardware construction of the vision system is presented, and an onboard software systemis developed based on amultithread tech-nique capable of coordinating multiple tasks. To realize the au-tonomous ground target following, a sophisticated feature-basedvision algorithm is proposed by using an onboard color cameraand navigation sensors. The vision feedback is integrated with theflight control system to guide the unmanned rotorcraft to follow aground target in flight. The overall vision system has been testedin actual flight missions, and the results obtained show that theoverall system is very robust and efficient.
IEEE 2012: Low-Cost Capacitive Humidity Sensor for Application Within Flexible RFID LabelsBased on Micro controller Systems
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
Abstract—This paper reports on the fabrication of a capacitive type relative humidity (RH) sensor using screen printing processes for electrode film deposition. The applied measurement method based on microcontrollers is also reported. In this specific case, the microcontroller is used to measure RH by means of a capacitive sensor with a simple low-cost electronic system. In addition, a comparison between two different types of polyester substrates [Melinex (DuPont) and CG3460 (3M)] is shown. Both polyester substrates have similar properties, and only the thickness is different (175 μm for Melinex and 100 μm for CG3460). A nonlineal response has been obtained in this type of sensors. In order to linearize the response and reduce the external hardware, an artificial neural network embedded into the microcontroller has been used.
IEEE 2012: Magic Mirror Table for Social-Emotion Alleviation in the Smart Home
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS
Abstract —In this paper, we propose a prototype of smart furniture for the smart home—a magic mirror table. The proposed system has a camera to capture the viewer’s facial expression. By analyzing the expressions, the system is able to determine the emotion of the viewer. If the viewer is in a negative emotion, the system then speaks positive sentences and plays the viewer’s favorite music to alleviate his/her emotion. The experimental results confirm that the system is able to relieve the sad mood of the viewer. In addition, the proposed system can serve as a calendar for event reminding.
IEEE 2012: Building Lighting Automation through the Integration of DALI with Wireless Sensor Networks
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS
Abstract — This paper focuses on the integration of Digital Addressable Lighting Interface (DALI) devices in wireless sensor networks. Since different manufacturers usually deal with one aspect of building automation - e.g. heating ventilation and air conditioning, lighting control, different kinds of alarms, etc. - final building automation system has different subsystems which are finally taken to an integrated building management system. The cost of this process is consequently increased due to additional hardware investment. Our main purpose is to provide the end consumer with an economical fully centralized system in which home appliances are managed by an IEEE 802.15.4-based wireless sensor network. Not only is it necessary to focus on the initial investment, but maintenance and energy consumption costs must also be considered. This paper explains the developed system along with a brief introduction to usual building automation protocols. Finally it presents future work in this field1.
IEEE 2012: Minimum Fuel Control Strategy in Automated Car-Following Scenarios
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY
Abstract—Fuel consumption of traditional ground vehicles is significantly affected by how the vehicles are driven. This paper focuses on the servo-loop control design of a Pulse-and-Gliding (PnG) strategy to minimize fuel consumption in automated car following. A switching-based framework is proposed for real-time implementation. The corresponding controller was synthesized for ideal conditions and subsequently enhanced to compensate for practical factors such as powertrain dynamics, speed variations, and plant uncertainties. Simulations in both uniform and naturalistic traffic flows demonstrate that, compared with a linear quadratic (LQ)-based benchmark controller, the PnG controller improves fuel economy up to 20%. The significant fuel saving is achieved while maintaining precise range bounds so that the negative impact on safety/traffic flow is contained. The developed algorithm can potentially be embedded in adaptive cruise control systems to achieve fuel-saving function.
IEEE 2012: An Open Traffic Light Control Model for Reducing Vehicles’ CO2 Emissions Based on ETC Vehicles
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY
Abstract—Usually, vehicles’ stop-and-go driving will consume more fuel and emit more CO2 than constant speed driving. To reduce vehicles’ CO2 emissions, vehicles’ travel should be smoothed by reducing the stop-and-go times. In this paper, a threetier structure is proposed to realize dynamic traffic light control for smoothing vehicles’ travel. In tier-1, an electronic toll collection (ETC) system is employed for collecting road traffic flow data and calculating the recommended speed. In tier-2, radio antennas are installed near the traffic lights. Road traffic flow information can be obtained by wireless communication between the antennas and ETC devices. In tier-3, a branch-and-bound-based real-time traffic light control algorithm is designed to smooth vehicles’ travels. After smoothing vehicles’ travels, more vehicles can pass intersections with less waiting time and fewer short-time stops; therefore, the vehicles’ CO2 emissions can be reduced. Simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme performs much better than the adaptive fuzzy traffic light control method: The average waiting time, short-time stop times, and CO2 emissions are greatly reduced, and the nonstop passing rate is greatly improved.
IEEE 2012: A Robust Real-Time Embedded Vision System on an Unmanned Rotorcraft for Ground Target Following
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
Abstract—In this paper, we present the systematic design and implementation of a robust real-time embedded vision system for an unmanned rotorcraft for ground target following. The hardware construction of the vision system is presented, and an onboard software system is developed based on a multithread technique capable of coordinating multiple tasks. To realize the autonomous ground target following, a sophisticated feature-based vision algorithm is proposed by using an onboard color camera and navigation sensors. The vision feedback is integrated with the flight control system to guide the unmanned rotorcraft to follow a ground target in flight. The overall vision system has been tested in actual flight missions, and the results obtained show that the overall system is very robust and efficient.
IEEE 2012: Design and Realization of a Framework for Human–System Interaction in Smart Homes
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS, MAN AND CYBERNETICS
Abstract—The current smart home is a ubiquitous computing environment consisting of multiple autonomous spaces, and its advantage is that a service interacting with home users can be set with different configurations in space, hardware, software, and quality. As well as being smart technologically speaking, a smart home should also never forget to retain the “home nature” when it is serving its users. In this paper, we first analyze the relationship among services, spaces, and users, and then we propose a framework as well as a corresponding algorithm to model their interaction relationship. Later, we also realize the human–system interaction framework to implement a smart home system and develop “pervasive applications” to demonstrate how to utilize our framework to fulfill the human-centric interaction requirement of a smart home. Finally, our preliminary evaluations show that our proposed work can enhance the performance of the human–system interaction in a smart home environment.
IEEE 2012: Novel Design Solutions for Remote Access, Acquire and Control of Laboratory Experiments on DC Machines
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
Abstract—Laboratory experiments are integral part of science and engineering education. Automation is changing the nature of these laboratories, and the focus of the system designer is on the availability of various interfacing tools to access the laboratory hardware remotely with the integration of computer supported learning environment. This paper presents the novel design techniques to access experiments on electrical machines remotely through the Web using virtual instrumentation (VI) tools. The general Web-interface architecture is presented to facilitate control and measurement of experimentation parameters online with complete isolation from the electrical line voltage. LabVIEW supported VI tools are used to create the Web-based automation and control of the experiment hardware. The custom-built electrical hardware is designed to interface the Web server with the experimental resources and to support user-friendly interface to access the data online. The safety issues while operating the electrical machines online are addressed through the control logic designed by the graphical code. The designed system exploits the data acquisition and the LabVIEW features to extend the dcmotor and generator experimentation online along with the acquired data that are presented in virtual meters as well as in graphical plots.
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IEEE 2012: New Real-Time Structural Health Monitoring Micro system for Aircraft Propeller Blades
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE
Abstract --- Blade Brief History - Blades are sophisticated requiring high engineering performance in terms of aerodynamics and mechanical design. Archimedes was the first to build an ancestor to the propeller when he constructed a screw for lifting water. Nineteen centuries later, the air screw was developed by Leonardo Da Vinci, who envisioned its use in a rudimentary helicopter. It was not until 1 884 that mechanically controlled flight arrived on the scene: the airship "La France " was powered by an electric motor and a 1-meter propeller. The first controlled "heavier-than-air " airplane was constructed by the Wright brothers in 1 903 ; they understood that a blade is like a twisted wing. The aeronautics industry was soon born and the number of aircraft types quickly multiplied. Made of wood or metal, blade enhancements were developed to increase performance in air battles: in-flight adjustable and reversible pitch, and electrical blade de-icing. In the last ten years, more noticeable innovation was the development of composite structures: new Airbus A400M is propelled by four 8-blade composite propellers which counter-rotate (i.e., on the same wing, each propeller rotates in opposite directions). Today propellers are used almost exclusively by small planes or special purpose aircraft like the A400M. Yet project will enable the subsequent development of a real-time blade monitoring system.
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IEEE 2012: An Intelligent V2I-Based Traffic Management System
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS
Abstract—Vehicles equipped with intelligent systems designed to prevent accidents, such as collision warning systems (CWSs) or lane-keeping assistance (LKA), are now on the market. The next step in reducing road accidents is to coordinate such vehicles in advance not only to avoid collisions but to improve traffic flow as well. To this end, vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications are essential to properly manage traffic situations. This paper describes the AUTOPIA approach toward an intelligent traffic management system based on V2I communications. A fuzzy-based control algorithm that takes into account each vehicle’s safe and comfortable distance and speed adjustment for collision avoidance and better traffic flow has been developed. The proposed solution was validated by an IEEE-802.11p-based communications study. The entire system showed good performance in testing in real– world scenarios, first by computer simulation and then with real vehicles.
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IEEE 2012: Performance Of Ethernet Protocol Conversion On An Arm-7 Embedded Processor.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
Abstract— This paper designed a research on real web access functionality is embedded in a device to enable low cost widely accessible and enhanced user interface functions for the device. A web server in the device provides access to the user interface functions for the device through a web page. A web server can be embedded into any appliance and connected to the Internet so the appliance can be monitored and controlled from remote places through the browser in a desktop. This project is focused on developing real-time services for switched Ethernet networks, keeping the Ethernet and TCP/IP Internet communication standards. Many applications are in home automation, medical diagnosis, process control, security and surveillance systems, card readers, building controls and robotics, using internet browser from anywhere around the world. This paper describes in detail the implementation of a ARM based embedded Ethernet LAN controller. control.Finally, the web server uses standard TCP/IP protocols, such as HTTP to manage the web pages through which we can monitor and control the interfaced devices.
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IEEE 2012: Sensor Network Based Oilwell Health Monitoring and Intelligent Control
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SENSORS JOURNAL
Abstract—Most oil pumping units (OPUs) have been using manual control in the oilfield. This existing oil-pumping system, a high power-consuming process, has the incapability of OPU’s structural health monitoring. In this paper, a sensor network based intelligent control is proposed for power economy and efficient oilwell health monitoring. The proposed sensor network consists of three-level sensors: 1) several types of basic sensors, such as load sensor, angular sensor, voltage sensor, current sensor and oil pressure sensor, which are the first level sensors (FLS), are used for oilwell data sensing; 2) our developed intelligent sensors (IS), which belong to the second level sensor, are designed mainly for an oilwell’s data elementary processing, main fault alarm/indication, typical data storage/indication, data/status transmission up to the third level sensor (TLS), data/status transmission between IS, and command transmission down to the OPU motor; and 3) our developed software-defined (SD) control centers with an embedded database, i.e., the TLS, are designed for hundreds of oilwells data storage/management, data processing, malfunction detection, malfunction alarm/indication, stroke-adjustment command transmission down to a specific IS for power economy and the malfunction report to the maintenance staff via global system for mobile communications (GSM) short message service (SMS). Experiment results at the Chinese Petroleum’s Changqing Oilfield demonstrate our proposed sensor network based system.
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IEEE 2012: Robotics For Environmental Monitoring
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ROBOTICS & AUTOMATION MAGAZINE
Abstract—obotic systems are increasingly being utilized as fundamental data-gathering tools by scientists, allowing new perspectives and a greater understanding of the planet and its environmental processes. Today’s robots are already exploring our deep oceans, tracking harmful algal blooms and pollution spread, monitoring climate variables, and even studying remote volcanoes. This article collates and discusses the significant advancements and applications of marine, terrestrial, and airborne robotic systems developed for environmental monitoring during the last two decades. Emerging research trends for achieving large-scale environmental monitoring are also reviewed, including cooperative robotic teams, robot and wireless sensor network (WSN) interaction, adaptive sampling and model-aided path planning. These trends offer efficient and precise measurement of environmental processes at unprecedented scales that will push the frontiers of robotic and natural sciences.
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IEEE 2012: PN-WSNA-Based Eye–Hand–Leg Coordination with a FIRA HuroCup Basketball Game
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS, IEEE/ASME
Abstract—Biped humanoid robots present perception and locomotion capabilities similar to those of human beings. Eye–hand–leg coordination is a basic and required capability for a healthy person, and eye—hand–leg coordination performs various skilloriented tasks. In this paper, the skill-oriented tasks for playing a basketball game were implemented for a child-size humanoid robot (HuroEvolution) through the use of eye–hand–leg coordination. The “eye” function is responsible for active perceptions in environments, the “hand” function is for gripping and manipulating objects to perform specific tasks, and the “leg” function is used to transport the biped robot to a desired location for the execution of tasks. Coordination among the eye, hand, and leg was achieved using predefined scenarios for various skill-oriented tasks. To utilize flexible and systematic skill-oriented task implementations, a Petri net-based wireless sensor node architecture (PN-WSNA) was employed in this project to define the task scenarios. The control scenario of eye–hand–leg coordination was realized by aggregating fundamentalPN-WSNAscenario modules for fast realizations.The coordination model can be further evaluated theoretically to investigate its propensity for avoiding system deadlocks. Finally, the skill-oriented eye–hand–leg coordination tasks for realizing the Federation of International Robot-Soccer Association HuroCup League basketball games were successfully demonstrated to validate our approaches.
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IEEE PROCEEDING OF THE 5TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON MECHATRONICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS (ISMA08) MAY 29, 2008
Abstract: In this paper we propose a multifaceted online e-voting system. The proposed system is capable of handling electronic ballots with multiple scopes at the same time, e.g., presidential, municipal, parliamentary, amongst others. The system caters for integrity of an election process in terms of the functional and non-functional requirements. The functional requirements embedded in the design of the proposed system warrant well-secured identification and authentication processes for the voter through the use of combined simple biometrics. The design of the system guarantees that no votes in favor of a given candidate are lost, due to improper tallying of the voting counts, with the proper incorporation of system FLAG’s. Transparency of voting follows through in all phases of an election process to assure the voter that his/her vote went in favor of his/her candidate of choice. Besides its main functional properties, the proposed system is designed to cater for several essential nonfunctional requirements. Of utmost importance are the requirements for correctness, robustness, coherence, consistency, and security. To verify the robustness and reliability of the proposed system, intensive computer simulations were run under varying voting environments, viz. voter density, voter inter-arrival times, introduced acts of malice, etc. Results of the simulations show that security and performance of the system are according to expectations. These results provide the proper grounds that would guide the decision maker in customizing the proposed system to fit his particular voting need.
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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOUTHEASTCON 2010 PROCEEDINGS
Abstract—There are many remote airfields that are not connected to the power grid. Providing adequate lighting to these airfields is necessary and challenging. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has sponsored a research project, Remote Airfield Lighting Systems (RALS), through the Center for General Aviation Research (CGAR). The findings from the RALS research specified a light that had low power needs and a color/intensity to meet the requirements for airfield identification and landing. To make these lights more appropriate to wide spread applications, the research team is conducting an exemplary operational test. In this paper, we discuss the new functions added to these lights for the operational test, including both automatically/remotely switching on/off the lights and smart charging of the batteries using solar panels under the control of a microcontroller. In addition, we consider future new functions such as low cost pilot controlled lighting as well as wireless networking for health monitoring and controlling of the lighting system. These new functions can greatly improve the convenience of the usage of RALS while keeping the same low cost.
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IEEE 2010 SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MACHINE LEARNING AND COMPUTING
Abstract—In this paper, design of a low cost autonomous vehicle based on neural network for navigation in unknown environments is presented. The vehicle is equipped with four ultrasonic sensors for hurdle distance measurement, a wheel encoder for measuring distance traveled, a compass for heading information, a GPS receiver for goal position information, a GSM modem for changing destination place on run time and a nonvolatile RAM for storing waypoint data; all interfaced to a low cost AT89C52 microcontroller. The microcontroller processes the information acquired from the sensors and generates robot motion commands accordingly through neural network. The neural network running inside the microcontroller is a multilayer feed-forward network with back-propagation training algorithm. The network is trained offline with tangent-sigmoid as activation function for neurons and is implemented in real time with piecewise linear approximation of tangent-sigmoid function. Results have shown that up to twenty neurons can be implemented in hidden layer with this technique. The vehicle is tested with varying destination places in outdoor environments containing stationary as well as moving obstacles and is found to reach the set targets successfully.
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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ONADVANCED COMPUTER CONTROL (ICACC)
Abstract—With ARM7 as the core, the new intelligent mobile vehicle checking system integrated a lot of hardware modules such as video capture, GPS posi-tioning and wireless transmission, the design of the system software used the embedded software developing platform based on ADS integrated development environ-ment. By the hardware/software co-design, the new intelligent mobile vehicle checking system implemented the functions of video capturing, intelligent plate distinguishing, GPS positioning and wireless transmit-ssion, met the traffic auditing department’s needs about Mobile Vehicle Checking.
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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRONICS COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY
Abstract--Wireless based industrial automation is a prime concern in our day-to-day life. The approach to Zigbee Based Wireless Network for Industrial Applications standardized nowadays. In this paper, we have tried to increase these standards by combining new design techniques to wireless industrial automation. The personal computer based wireless network for industrial application using Zigbee can be adopted at micro and macro Industries, it has various types of Processors and Microcontrollers. Here Microcontrollers, Temperature Sensors, Zero crossing detector, Voltage regulators are used. The system is fully controlled by the Personal Computer through Visual Basics GUI (Graphical User Interface).The GUI is developed based on application by the user. All the processor and controllers are interconnected to personal computer through Zigbee. The rsonal Computer will continuously monitor all the Data from remote processing unit and compare with value preloaded process structure. If any error is found the personal computer takes necessary action. Here star topology four node Zigbee network is tried. The first Zigbee is connected to the personal computer it acts as full function devices and is used to send and receive data from other nodes. The second, third and fourth Zigbee are reduced function devices and they are used to control the speed of DC motor, temperature control and lamp illumination control respectively. All the Zigbee’s are interconnected with processing unit through RS232 protocol.
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IEEE 2011 CONTROL AND SYSTEM GRADUATE RESEARCH COLLOQUIUM
Abstract- Stand alone global positioning system receivers are widely used nowadays to accurately locating one’s position. By using stand alone GPS receivers the distance between two locations on earth can also be measured. This project is aim to design and implement a low cost Global Positioning System suitable to be used for hiking, climbing and sailing activities. The function of the GPS is to locate the position of user. The effects of line of sights in relation to different experimented locations are also studied. In this project, the hardware used is PIC18F4520 integrated with GPS receiver typed FV-M8. The GPS modules will generate the coordinates of latitude and longitude as well as the bearing angles between two positions. The algorithm to calculate the distance between two positions was developed by using PIC C Compiler. The written algorithm extracted the data from the GPS receiver via the RS232 communication. Microcontroller is used to parse the NMEA data sentences and execute the algorithm. Finally, the output is displayed to a LCD display unit. System testing conducted showed that for a few chosen different locations, geographical view and weather conditions, overall results give an average of 10 % different compared with ideal theoretical calculated results.
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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRIC INFORMATION AND CONTROL ENGINEERING
Abstract��According to the status that most of supermarkets can’t effectively monitor the temperature and humidity around food of fresh area in our country Currently, the thesis designs a hierarchical topology central monitoring system based on ZigBee wireless sensor network(WSN).In the system, the temperature and humidity of surveyed area can be automatically monitored and controlled. The monitoring nodes, with the CC2430 chip and THS11, can collect and upload temperature and humidity data to the Management Centre, which displays and processes the data ,through the central node and the RS-232 interface. If the collected data exceeds the threshold, it automatically starts the alarm system and the regulating system; while the data is lower than the standard value, regulating system could be automatically shut down. Nodes work in the regular query power saving mode. Power is obtained from button cells conversion through MAX687.The results reveal that this WSN system has the potential for field applications due to its low cost, low power and flexible networking construction.
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IEEE 2011PROCEEDINGS OF ICETECT
Abstract— The paper describes the performance and functional characteristics of PIC18LF4620 based wireless sensor node in monitoring the parameters such as CO2, Oxygen, temperature, humidity and light around the pipeline structure. The system is deployed to monitor any deviations in these parameters with the standard atmospheric values eventually alert the user even to a remote location. The proposed system is a Battery operated wireless sensor node which is interfaced with the external sensors to measure the parameters listed above. The distance range between sensor node and coordinator node is also tested. The signal conditioning module associated with detailed calibration procedure for the individual sensor is also described. Zigbee protocol stack is implemented to enable wireless transmission and performance of the same is evaluated.
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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BUSINESS MANAGEMENT AND ELECTRONIC INFORMATION
Abstract—This paper discussed a kind of design of vehicle location system based on ARM. The architecture and working theory of this system is introduced in details, and introduces the vehicle location system which uses the ARM microprocessor LPC2129 as a control unit to combinative with GPS LR9548 and GSM TC35 modules. Explores location solution, map��matching and data compress that associated with the positioning, shows a program flowchart and predicts the trend of the vehicle location system in the future.
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IEEE PROCEEDING OF THE STUDENTS' TECHNOLOGY SYMPOSIUM
Abstract-This paper evaluates the development of a Low-cost security system using small PIR (Pyroelectric Infrared) sensor built around a microcontroller. The low-power PIR detectors take advantage of pyroelectricity to detect a human body that is a constant source of Passive Infrared (radiation in the infrared region). The system senses the signal generated by PIR sensor detecting the presence of individuals not at thermal equilibrium with the surrounding environment. Detecting the presence of any unauthorized person in any specific time interval, it triggers an alarm & sets up a call to a predefined number through a GSM modem. This highly reactive approach has low computational requirement, therefore it is well-suited to surveillance, industrial applications and smart environments. Tests performed gave promising results.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRIC INFORMATION AND CONTROL ENGINEERING
Abstract—To reduce the theft rate of the car and meet the intellectualized auto-guard demand of people,we proposed an auto-guard system which combined the radio frequency identify technology and the global mobile communication network. The system took Texas Instruments Company's car-used microcontroller STM8AF51AA as the control core.NXP Semiconductors Company's radio reader IC MF RC522 could identify the car owner quickly and then realized the function of keyless entry and keyless start-up. At the same time. The infrared sensors and vibration sensors completed the monitoring function.GSM module SIM300DZ of Simcom company finished setting and dismissing the prevention of message or call and controlled the car’s states remotely through AT instructions.It has showed in practice that compared with the traditional autoguard system,this system could not only identify the owner singly,but also improve the security and reliability.So it has achieved the unity between intellectualized safeguard and remote control.
IEEE 2011 PROCEEDINGS OF ICETECT
ABSTRACT: Every year thousands of people die because of earthquake occurs in a dangerous place or during a defenseless sleep. Here’s a GSM-based seismic alert system that could warn before an earthquake strikes. Earthquakes strike without warning. The resulting damage can be minimized and lives can be saved if people living in the earthquake-prone area are already prepared to survive the strike. This requires a warning before strong ground motion from the earthquake arrival. Such a warning system is possible because of energy wave released at the epicenter of the earth quake travels slower than light. The warning signal from the earthquake epicenter can be transmitted to different places using satellite communication network, fiber-optics network, pager service, Cell phone services or a combination of these. The satellite-based network is ideal when an alert system has to cover a large country like India. For earthquake-prone states like Gujarat, a seismic alert system using the global system for mobile communication network spread throughout the state is proposed here. This system does not try to find the epicenter or fault line caused by the earthquake. It simply monitors the earth vibrations and generates alert signal when the level of earth vibrations crosses a threshold.
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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS
Abstract — In this paper we design and implement a home embedded surveillance system with ultra-low alert power. Traditional surveillance systems suffer from an unnecessary waste of power and the shortcomings of memory conditions in the absence of invasion. In this design we use Pyroelectric Infrared sensors (PIR) and pressure sensors as the alert group in windows and doors where an intruder must pass through. These low-power alert sensors wake up the MCU (Micro Controller Unit) which has power management for the ultrasonic sensors and PIR sensors indoors. This state transition method saves a large number of sensors required for the alert power. We also use the Majority Voting Mechanism (MVM) to manage the sensor groups to enhance the probability of multiple sensors sensing. After the MCU sends the sensor signals to the embedded system, the program starts the Web camera. Our sensing experiment shows that we reduce the system’s power consumption1.
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2011 THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MEASURING TECHNOLOGY AND MECHATRONICS AUTOMATION
Abstract—A kind of the real-time temperature monitoring system is developed to safeguard the safety of the joint less rail. The design of hardware and software of the system is introduced. The temperature data collected from sensors of the department of the system is sent to the central department by GSM modules in the way of SMS. GSM module of the central department receive the data and transfer to PC through the PCI multi-serial-port card. The graphical programming software Lab VIEW is used for data decoded, processing, storage, display in PC. If the temperature is out of limits, the software will send SMS or call people related for monitoring and alarm the temperature of the joint less rail.
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IEEE 2011: Design of a Wireless Medical Monitoring System
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTER AND MANAGEMENT
Abstract—This paper provides the design of a Medical Monitoring Terminal use C8051F021 MCU and CC2420 RF chip based on Zigbee technology. The Monitoring Terminal can detect the patient’s real-time body temperature, heart rate and other physiological information’s, and transmit them to the control center.
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IEEE 2011 PROCEEDING OF THE STUDENTS' TECHNOLOGY SYMPOSIUM
Abstract- In this work, low-cost, portable microcontroller based electronic queue control (EQC) systems have been developed for the purpose of controlling queue in banking, hotel reservation counter, ticket counter, insurance company, customer service center etc. The aim of the designed systems is to maintain a queue with order and efficiency. Two different queue control systems have been implemented with slightly different features. In EQC system-I, a general display has been used for displaying token number and service counter number whereas in EQC system-2, each token number has been displayed individually in each service counter with separate displays. In the both systems, each customer has to collect a token and then will be served whenever the token number is displayed. The systems were designed around a 16F72 IC, a low-cost 8-bit PIC microcontroller and entirely software controlled. The control programs have been developed using the PIC assembly language. Finally, the systems have been tested under different conditions to evaluate their performance.
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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (SYSCON)
Abstract— Renewable energy solutions are becoming increasingly popular. Photovoltaic (solar) systems are but one example. Maximizing power output from a solar system is desirable to increase efficiency. In order to maximize power output from solar panels, one needs to keep the panels aligned with the sun. As such, a means of tracking the sun is required. This is definitely a more cost effective solution than purchasing additional solar panels. It has been estimated that the yield from solar panels can be increased by 30 to 60 percent by utilizing a tracking system instead of a stationary array. In this paper, a prototype for a micro controller-based Multi-function solar tracking system is described, which will keep the solar panels aligned with the sun in order to maximize efficiency. The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) data can be transmitted in real time to other solar systems in need of this data.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOUTHEASTCON, PROCEEDINGS
Abstract—The main purpose of this effort is to design an autonomous all terrain vehicle which uses a CAN bus. The paper describes the operation and advantages of the CAN protocol in automobiles. The ATV used for this design is a Honda Four Tax Rancher AT and a brief explanation of the parts in the ATV is Provided. The Rennes’s RX62N microcontroller is used as a CAN controller which creates a single two wire bus through which electronic control units (ECU) in the automobiles communicate. The working of the CAN protocol on the RX62N has been explained with the help of pseudo code.
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The 8th Annual IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference – Demos
Abstract—This demonstration shows a process to collect critical video clips from car black boxes using smart phones. Critical video clips in the black box are hashed to provide data integrity before being transmitted to the police server. Without VANET infrastructure, smart phones are very useful communication media for car black boxes.
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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS
Abstract —This paper describes more efficient home energy management system to reduce power consumption in home area. We consider the room easily controllable with an IR remote control of a home device. The room has automatic standby power cut-off outlets, a light, and a ZigBee hub. The ZigBee hub has an IR code learning function and educates the IR remote control signal of a home device connected to the power outlet. Then the power outlets and the light in the room can be controlled with an IR remote control. A typical automatic standby power cut-off outlet has a waiting time before cutting off the electric power. It consumes standby power during that time. To eliminate the waiting time, we turn off the home device and the power outlet simultaneously with an IR remote control through the ZigBee hub. This method actively reduces the standby power. The proposed HEMS provides easy way to add, delete, and move home devices to other power outlets. When a home device is moved to the different outlet, the energy information of the home device is kept consistently and seamlessly regardless of location change.The proposed architecture gives more efficient energy-saving HEMS1.
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IEEE 2011(IJACSA) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED COMPUTER SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS,
Abstract—The objective of this paper is to minimize human casualties in terrorist attack such as 26/11. The combat robot [1] has been designed to tackle such a cruel terror attacks. This robot is radio operated, self- powered, and has all the controls like a normal car. A wireless camera has been installed on it, so that it can monitor enemy remotely when required. It can silently enter into enemy area and send us all the information through its’ tiny Camera eyes. This spy robot can be used in star hotels, shopping malls, jewellary show rooms, etc where there can be threat from intruders or terrorists. Since human life is always precious, these robots are the replacement of fighters against terrorist in war areas.
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IEEE DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING, NATIONAL KAOHSIUNG FIRST UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Abstract-- In this paper, a solar illumination system with three-stage battery charger and dimming control function is proposed. The system structure is divided into two parts. One is three-stage battery charger, which contains PV module, buck-boost converter, charger-discharge controller and lead-acid battery. The other is dimming control of LED module, which contains a 40W LED module, boost converter and controller. Average-current dimming method is used to adjust the luminance of LED module and reduced the power loss of converter. Finally, in this paper, an 80W charger and a 40W LED dimming control is implemented to verify the feasibility of the proposed system.
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IEEE 2010: Vision-Based Automated Parking System]
10th International Conference on Information Science, Signal Processing and their Applications (ISSPA 2010)
Abstract - This paper describes an approach to overcome a situation of monitoring and managing a parking area using a vision based automated parking system. With the rapid increase of cars the need to find available parking space in the most efficient manner, to avoid traffic congestion in a parking area, is becoming a necessity in car park management. Current car park management is dependent on either human personnel keeping track of the available car park spaces or a sensor based system that monitors the availability of each car park space or the overall number of available car park spaces. In both situations, the information available was only the total number of car park spaces available and not the actual location available. In addition, the installation and maintenance cost of a sensor based system is dependent on the number of sensors used in a car park. This paper shows a vision based system that is able to detect and indicate the available parking spaces in a car park. The methods utilized to detect available car park spaces were based on coordinates to indicate the regions of interest and a car classifier. This paper shows that the initial work done here has an accuracy that ranges from 90% to 100% for a 4 space car park. The work done indicated that the application of a vision based car park management system would be able to detect and indicate the available car park spaces
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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS AND APPLICATIONS
Abstract—This paper presents a bi-directional converter applied in electric bike. The main structure is a cascade buck-boost converter, which transfers the energy stored in battery for driving motor, and can recycle the energy resulted from the back electromotive force (BEMF) to charge battery by changing the operation mode. Moreover, the proposed converter can also serve as a charger by connecting with AC line directly. Besides, the single-chip DSP TMS320F2812 is adopted as a control core to manage the switching behaviors of each mode and to detect the battery capacity. In this paper, the equivalent models of each mode and complete design considerations are all detailed. All the experimental results are used to demonstrate the feasibility.
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IEEE SECOND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON EMERGING TRENDS IN ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, ICETET-2009
ABSTRACT : Present Traffic Light Controllers (TLC) are based on microcontroller and microprocessor. These TLC have limitations because it uses the pre-defined hardware, which is functioning according to the program that does not have the flexibility of modification on real time basis. Due to the fixed time intervals of green, orange and red signals the waiting time is more and car uses more fuel. To make traffic light controlling more efficient, we exploit the emergence of new technique called as “Intelligent traffic light controller”. This makes the use of Sensor Networks along with Embedded Technology. The timings of Red, Green lights at each crossing of road will be intelligently decided based on the total traffic on all adjacent roads. Thus, optimization of traffic light switching increases road capacity and traffic flow, and can prevent traffic congestions. GSM cell phone interface is also provided for users those who wish to obtain the latest position of traffic on congested roads. This is a unique feature of this project which is very useful to car drivers to take an alternate route in case of congestion. The various performance evaluation criteria are average waiting time, average distance traveled by vehicles, switching frequency of green light at a junction, efficient emergency mode operation and satisfactory operation of SMS using GSM Mobile. The performance of the Intelligent Traffic light Controller is compared with the Fixed Mode Traffic Light Controller. It is observed that the proposed Intelligent Traffic Light Controller is more efficient than the conventional controller in respect of less waiting time, more distance traveled by average vehicles and efficient operation during emergency mode and GSM interface. Moreover, the designed system has simple architecture, fast response time, user friendliness and scope for further expansion. Keywords: Intelligent Traffic Light Controller, embedded system, Performance Evaluation, Microcontroller based system.
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